This is where my business is, my wife, my mother, my family. This is my country, I ain't goin' nowhere." American Gangster is a 2007 crime film directed by Ridley Scott and starring Denzel Washington and Russell Crowe. Washington portrays Frank Lucas, a real-life gangster from late 1960s and 1970s Harlem who smuggled heroin into the United ... T.I. played himself on an episode of the "Entourage" TV show and again in the standalone film, but his next fictional role came in 2010's "Takers," which reunited him with his "American Gangster ... 2019 -2023. 3 Seasons. BET. Documentary, Reality, Drama. TV14. Watchlist. Trap Queens is a new installment of the critically acclaimed American Gangster series that examines the lives and the ... American Gangster (TV Series 2006–2009) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. Menu. Movies. Release Calendar Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Browse Movies by Genre Top Box Office Showtimes & Tickets Movie News India Movie Spotlight. TV Shows."American Gangster" chronicles the life and times of some of Black America’s most notorious crime figures. The show will explore without glorifying, and investigate without celebrating these criminal-minded men and women. …American Gangster Season 1 - watch episodes streaming online. TV. Track show. S1 Seen. Dislike. Sign in to sync Watchlist. Streaming Charts. 14238. New. Rating. 7.8. Genres. …Deadwood. - IMDb user rating: 8.6. - Years on the air: 2004-2006. "Deadwood" is one of the most foul-mouthed shows to ever grace American airwaves. The series tracks the development of Deadwood, South Dakota, a mining town in the 1870s that was home to gunslingers, outlaws, and lawmen.Buy American Gangster: Trap Queens — Season 2, Episode 8 on Prime Video, Apple TV. Jamaican immigrant Claudette Hubbard reaches for the American dream by dealing cocaine; a sting operation puts ...Kenneth 'Supreme' McGriff. Wed, Dec 5, 2007 60 mins. The Season 2 finale examines the career and crimes of Kenneth "Supreme" McGriff, a New York drug-ring leader who became involved in the music ...One Day: Limited Series91%. #7. Critics Consensus: Chronicling the passage of time with well-observed sweep, One Day is by turns giddy and somber but always swooningly romantic. Starring: Leo Woodall, Ambika Mod, Amber Grappy, Tim McInnerny. Directed By: Molly Manners, Luke Snellin, John Hardwick, Kate Hewitt.North Star: Minnesota's Black Pioneers. Find out how to watch American Gangster. Stream the latest seasons and episodes, watch trailers, and more for American Gangster at TV Guide.Nov 28, 2006 · Watch American Gangster. TV-14. 2006. 3 Seasons. 7.9 (311) American Gangster is a popular television show that aired on BET from 2006 to 2009. It was hosted by Ving Rhames, who is known for his commanding presence and tough-guy roles in movies such as Pulp Fiction, Mission: Impossible, and the HBO series, The Corner. Oct 23, 2008 · At the helm of the Gangster Disciples, Larry "King" Hoover reigned as the notorious 1970s gang leader. Incarcerated for over thirty years, King Hoover advocates insist he is a friend to the people, not a violent criminal. 3 Melvin Williams. 10/23/08. The Gangster Disciples have a board of directors and overseer. Beneath those ranks are governors, assistant overseers, regents, and coordinators. Foot soldiers are at the bottom. L...What you will—and won't—find in this movie. Positive Messages Not present. Gangsters are cruel, cocky, and greedy; cops are e. Violence & Scariness. Several scenes show shooting, fighting, and tense. Sex, Romance & Nudity. Prostitutes stroll New York streets. Dancers in a. Language.What you will—and won't—find in this movie. Positive Messages Not present. Gangsters are cruel, cocky, and greedy; cops are e. Violence & Scariness. Several scenes show shooting, fighting, and tense. Sex, Romance & Nudity. Prostitutes stroll New York streets. Dancers in a. Language.American Gangster: Trap Queens is a ... What's on TV & Streaming Top 250 TV Shows Most Popular TV Shows Browse TV Shows by Genre TV News. Watch. What to Watch Latest Trailers IMDb Originals IMDb Picks IMDb Podcasts. Awards & Events. Oscars Emmys Best Of 2023 Holiday Picks STARmeter Awards Awards Central Festival Central …Buy American Gangster: Season 1 on Google Play, then watch on your PC, Android, or iOS devices. Download to watch offline and even view it on a big screen using Chromecast.American Gangster – Season 1, Episode 1. Stanley "Tookie" Williams co-founds the Crips street gang and is later convicted in the murders of four people.Watch American Gangster. TV-14. 2006. 3 Seasons. 7.9 (311) American Gangster is a popular television show that aired on BET from 2006 to 2009. It was hosted by Ving Rhames, who is known for his commanding presence and tough-guy roles in movies such as Pulp Fiction, Mission: Impossible, and the HBO series, The Corner.Some of the most well-known and notorious gangsters of the 1940s included Al Capone, Frank Costello, Lucky Luciano, Meyer Lansky, Bugsy Siegel and Tony Accardo. These men did their...Feb 1, 2022 ... Netflix has many good gangster series you need to watch! We made a top 5 of netflix Gangster series you need to watch.American Gangster is a departure for BET, which many have come to associate with music videos and shallow reality shows. This series does a good job of intelligently looking back at the complex lives of the featured criminals and showing how their actions affected not only their lives, but those of their families, friends, and neighbors.American Gangster (TV Series) J. Edgar Hoover (2008) Plot. Showing all 1 items Jump to: Summaries (1) Summaries. The first and most famous director of the FBI, J. Edgar Hoover, consolidated his power through brilliant Public Relations moves, compromising files, and notorious programs. Synopsis ...1x10 Jemeker Thompson. January 9, 2020 3:00 AM — 41m. 114 152 523 2. Track star Jemeker Thompson follows her husband into a life of crime, becoming an L.A. cocaine Queenpin living among the Hollywood stars. Ads suck, but they help pay the bills. Hide ads with VIP. Ads suck, but they help pay the bills.Buy American Gangster: Season 1 on Google Play, then watch on your PC, Android, or iOS devices. Download to watch offline and even view it on a big screen using Chromecast.Farrell gives a classic gangster monologue throughout the trailer, which slowly ramps up the violence and gunfights in Gotham City’s seedy underground. “When I was a kid, …American Gangster – Season 2, Episode 2. Larry Hoover, head of the Chicago-based Gangster Disciples, leads his organization from behind prison walls.Mar 14, 2021 ... Comments33 · 10 Crime Shows to Binge Watch · 10 Amazing TV Shows You Wish You Knew Earlier! · 10 Amazing Gangster/Mafia Tv Series Of 2022 | Ne...Season 3. Ep 9. Tracie Dickey. TV-14. June 9, 2022. 48 min. Charismatic pastor and so-called prophetess Tracie Dickey spins a web of fraud and abuse as she manipulates her vulnerable followers through brainwashing and threats of divine punishment. Where to Watch Details. Add to Watchlist.Season 1 – American Gangster. This documentary series profiles some of the most infamous crime figures in black America, using archival footage, photographs and interviews with people familiar ...Show all seasons in the JustWatch Streaming Charts. Streaming charts last updated: 1:18:20 AM, 03/23/2024 . American Gangster is 14238 on the JustWatch Daily Streaming Charts today. The TV show has moved up the charts by 6219 places since yesterday.Sep 20, 2018 ... Suburban Gangsters S01E06 The Armed Robbers. CrimeInc7 · 4:09. Jay-Z - American Dreamin Live (American Gangster) new 2007. Tropikprod Martinique ...American Gangster Presents: Big 50 - The Delrhonda Hood Story: Directed by Russ Parr. With Remy Ma, Durrell 'Tank' Babbs, Ta'Rhonda Jones, Debbi Morgan. Delrhonda "Big Fifty" Hood ends up running her own drug empire, becoming one of Detroit's wealthiest and most notorious women in the process. With her success, she discovers that money …9 'Ozark' (2017 - 2022) Image via Netflix. Ozark also features several ruthless crime families, although its primary focus is the making of one. By the end of the show, many people yelled at the ...Buy American Gangster: Season 2 on Google Play, then watch on your PC, Android, or iOS devices. Download to watch offline and even view it on a big screen using Chromecast.Oct 21, 2019 ... Trap Queens Discuss Their Scam Stories, Revelations + BET Show American Gangster ... Interrogation of Marqia Hamilton NEW SERIES SUBTITLES! Crime ...If you’re a fan of action-packed video games, then you’ve probably heard of Gangster Vegas. This open-world adventure game allows players to immerse themselves in the thrilling lif...Brandi Davis: With Brandi Davis, Nesha Durham, Alvin Ellie, Willie Fields. A daddy's girl follows in her kingpin father's footsteps. Ties to the Black Mafia Family make Brandi a player, but a backstabbing friend causes her years of incarceration and pain. She was the dope gang princess until she claimed her crown as Queen.Oct 17, 2019 ... Newly launched streaming platform BET Plus is debuting its first new original unscripted series, “American Gangster: Trap Queens,” an inside ...AMERICAN GANGSTER: BMF (BLACK MAFIA FAMILY)BIRTHPLACE: DETROIT, MICHIGANLEADERS: BIG MEECH & SOUTHWEST TMOTTO: "LOYALTY IS A LIFESTYLE" (part 1 of 5)The Blac...Show all movies in the JustWatch Streaming Charts. Streaming charts last updated: 1:22:02 AM, 03/25/2024 . American Gangster is 6797 on the JustWatch Daily Streaming Charts today. The movie has moved up the charts by 3334 places since yesterday. In the United States, it is currently more popular than The Watermelon Woman but less popular than 6 ...AMERICAN GANGSTER is BET’s critically acclaimed, highly rated crime docu-series that explores the historical, socio-economic and political context surrounding the rise and fall of 9 notorious African-American criminal minds. ... TV Shows on DVD Reviews. Classic TV Shows on DVD reviews 3. 2012 TV Show Reviews. Classic TV!! TV Blog! …Feb 1, 2022 ... Netflix has many good gangster series you need to watch! We made a top 5 of netflix Gangster series you need to watch.75 Metascore. A former Prohibition-era Jewish gangster returns to the Lower East Side of Manhattan 35 years later, where he must once again confront the ghosts and regrets of his old life. Director: Sergio Leone | Stars: Robert De Niro, James Woods, Elizabeth McGovern, Treat Williams. Votes: 375,734 | Gross: $5.32M.Millions of Americans are affected by alcohol addiction, and despite what you see on TV, it doesn’t just impact one type of person. Regardless of gender, race, financial situation,...Oct 17, 2019 ... Newly launched streaming platform BET Plus is debuting its first new original unscripted series, “American Gangster: Trap Queens,” an inside ...Overview. The "war to end all wars" was over, but a new one was just beginning - on the streets of America. In one big city alone - Chicago - an estimated 1,300 gangs had spread like a …Jul 5, 2022 · AMERICAN GANGSTERS is presented in a multiple number of episodes. This YouTube series profiles some of the most infamous crime figures, athletes, businessmen... Criminal genius and master of the hustle, Melvin Williams owned the gambling and heroin addicted market of Baltimore's Pennsylvania …Buy American Gangster: Trap Queens — Season 3 on Amazon Prime Video. Lil' Kim. Narrator. David Moskowitz. Courtroom Bailiff. Jackson Nguyen. Director.Where To Watch Every King Kong Movie and TV Show in Order; The 10 Best Spike Lee Joints, Ranked, and Where to Watch Them; A Guide to Every Movie in The Omen Franchise and Where to Watch Them; Awards season 2024: Which movies & TV shows are available on streaming services?American Gangster: Trap Queens is a new installment of the critically acclaimed American Gangster series that examines the lives and the legend behind some of America's most notorious female criminals. Stars. Judge …Feb 16, 2024 · The 15 Best TV Shows About Gangs and Gangsters, Ranked. Like cop shows, gangster shows can easily fall into boring tropes and clichés. Here are the best gang TV shows that are unique. If you buy something using our links, we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Thanks for your support! Brandi Davis: With Brandi Davis, Nesha Durham, Alvin Ellie, Willie Fields. A daddy's girl follows in her kingpin father's footsteps. Ties to the Black Mafia Family make Brandi a player, but a backstabbing friend causes her years of incarceration and pain. She was the dope gang princess until she claimed her crown as Queen.41min. TV-14. At the helm of the Gangster Disciples, Larry "King" Hoover reigned as the notorious 1970s gang leader. Incarcerated for over thirty years, King Hoover advocates insist he is a friend to the people, not a violent criminal. This video is currently unavailable. S2 E3 - Melvin Williams.Starring: Ving Rhames. Summary: The Shower Posse was born in the rough and ruthless ghettos of Kingston, Jamaica. From the '70s well into the '80s they were one of several gangs used by Jamaica's mainstream political parties as tools for extortion and intimidation. Genre (s): Drama, Documentary.Black Inc. became code for Murder Inc. on the street of Philadelphia in 1970s. American Gangster explores the mentality, ruthless precision and deranged violence that was …Mirzapur (2018) TV. Animal Kingdom (2016) TV. Sneaky Pete (2015) TV. Power (2014) TV. Magic City (2012)The SideReel Guide to Bridgerton. 38 Highly Anticipated Netflix Shows to Look Forward To. Find TV episodes, reviews, ratings, lists, and links to watch American Gangster online on SideReel - Documentary series chronicling the rise … American Gangster. Nobody used to notice Frank Lucas, the quiet driver to one of the inner city's leading black crime bosses. But when his boss suddenly dies, Frank exploits the opening to build his own empire and create his own version of the American Dream. more. Starring: Denzel WashingtonRussell CroweChiwetel Ejiofor. Director: Ridley Scott. American Gangster is a 2007 American biographical crime film directed and produced by Ridley Scott and written by Steven Zaillian.The film is loosely based on the criminal career of Frank Lucas, a gangster from La Grange, North Carolina who smuggled heroin into the United States on American service planes returning from the Vietnam War, before being …Discover the Best New Gangster TV Shows of all time on Netflix with our comprehensive list. From classic favorites to new releases. Watch the Best New Gangster TV Shows in 2023 on Netflix, add them to your watchlist now.North Star: Minnesota's Black Pioneers. Find out how to watch American Gangster. Stream the latest seasons and episodes, watch trailers, and more for American Gangster at TV Guide.The soundtrack of American Gangster (2007) is composed of a mix of classic and contemporary hip-hop, soul, and funk tracks. It features songs by Anthony Hamilton, Jerry Butler, Sam & Dave and many more. Notable tracks include "I'll take you there" by The Staple Singers. As well as Roy Orbison's "Only the lonely" As the movie follows the rise ...Chiwetel Ejiofor. Rent or buy. Free trial or buy. A chauffeur becomes Harlem's most-powerful crime boss.The 40 Best TV Shows About Gangsters and The Mafia, Ranked. More Than the Italian Mafia. Getting to Know Al Capone. Who Was James 'Whitey' Bulger? Weird Stories of …Nov 28, 2006 · Watch American Gangster. TV-14. 2006. 3 Seasons. 7.9 (311) American Gangster is a popular television show that aired on BET from 2006 to 2009. It was hosted by Ving Rhames, who is known for his commanding presence and tough-guy roles in movies such as Pulp Fiction, Mission: Impossible, and the HBO series, The Corner. Season 1 – American Gangster. This documentary series profiles some of the most infamous crime figures in black America, using archival footage, photographs and interviews with people familiar ...American Gangster - Full Cast & Crew. 2020. Documentary. Watchlist. Where to Watch. Dennis Farina narrates a survey of organized crime in the U.S. Directed by Ben Burtt.It’s also one of the few series in this genre that critics agree doesn’t go awry as the show continues. Meanwhile, its sequel – Better Call Saul – has also been a huge hit as well as the one-off film El Camino: A Breaking Bad Movie. Number of seasons: 5. Episodes: 62. Average episode length: 45 minutes.Nov 28, 2006 · "American Gangster" chronicles the life and times of some of Black America’s most notorious crime figures. The show will explore without glorifying, and investigate without celebrating these criminal-minded men and women. Each episode will blend news footage, photographs and interviews in a compelling, magazine-style format. Season 3 Official Trailer. American Gangster: Trap Queens is a new installment of the critically acclaimed American Gangster series that examines the lives and the legend behind some of America's most notorious female criminals. Back to top. American Gangster: Trap Queens is a new installment of the critically acclaimed American Gangster series ... Sling TV first hit the market in 2015, and by the end of 2021, Sling TV had almost 2.49 million subscribers. A product of Dish Network, Sling TV offers American subscribers three p...Gangster Vegas is an action-packed open-world game that allows players to immerse themselves in a thrilling virtual world filled with crime, car chases, and high-stakes missions. O...It also made Time's all-time 100 TV shows list. #45. Bosch: Legacy. - IMDb user rating: 8.5. - Years on the air: 2022-present. Although "Bosch: Legacy" is technically a spinoff of the show "Bosch," it often feels more like a continuation—albeit on Freevee, Amazon's ad-supported streaming service.Subscribe to TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/sxaw6hSubscribe to COMING SOON: http://bit.ly/H2vZUnSubscribe to CLASSIC TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/1u43jDeLike us on FACEB...Gangster / Mafia TV Shows. Menu. Movies. Release Calendar Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Browse Movies by Genre Top Box Office Showtimes & Tickets Movie News India Movie ... A TV prequel to the 2007 film, 'American Gangster', which centered on the criminal enterprise of Frank Lucas. Stars: Forest Whitaker, Ilfenesh Hadera, Lucy Fry ...Sep 20, 2018 ... Show less. Recommended. 42:40. I. Up next. Gangsters Les Diables De L Amérique S02E07 Barry Mills Le baron de la Fraternité. DOCUMENTAIRE ...AMERICAN GANGSTER (Season 1) AMBASSADORS TV. 11 videos 76,679 views Last updated on Jul 5, 2022. AMERICAN GANGSTERS is presented in a multiple number of …American Gangster chronicles the life and times of the 20th Century's most notorious African American crime figures. Explore a forensic survey of the rise and fall of …Buy American Gangster: Trap Queens — Season 2, Episode 8 on Prime Video, Apple TV. Jamaican immigrant Claudette Hubbard reaches for the American dream by dealing cocaine; a sting operation puts ...Synopsis. American Gangster: Trap Queens explores the rise and fall America's most notorious female criminals. With crimes ranging from million-dollar scams, to drug trafficking, to murder, these cautionary tales show the steep price paid for life in the game.Some of the most well-known and notorious gangsters of the 1940s included Al Capone, Frank Costello, Lucky Luciano, Meyer Lansky, Bugsy Siegel and Tony Accardo. These men did their...Oct 21, 2019 ... Trap Queens Discuss Their Scam Stories, Revelations + BET Show American Gangster ... Interrogation of Marqia Hamilton NEW SERIES SUBTITLES! Crime ...Profiling Willie Lloyd, a former Chicago gang lord who began working with antiviolence programs following his release from prison. « PREVIOUS EPISODE. NEXT EPISODE ». Buy or Stream Amazon Amazon UK. Check out information to watch 3 - 7: Willie Lloyd online including episode summaries, ratings, and links to stream on SideReel.Stream American Gangster: Trap Queens ( ... Channel GuideWhat's on DemandMoviesTV ShowsNetworks ... Watch American Gangster: Trap Queens online. Candace ... American Gangster. TV Series. 2006–2009. TV-14. 1h. IMDb RATING. 7.8 /10. 313. YOUR RATING. Rate. Documentary. Follows the lives of American gangsters. Stars. Barry Michael Cooper. Nelson George. Ving Rhames. See production info at IMDbPro. STREAMING. S1. Add to Watchlist. 4 Critic reviews. Awards. 2 nominations. Episodes 28. Top-rated. One Day: Limited Series91%. #7. Critics Consensus: Chronicling the passage of time with well-observed sweep, One Day is by turns giddy and somber but always swooningly romantic. Starring: Leo Woodall, Ambika Mod, Amber Grappy, Tim McInnerny. Directed By: Molly Manners, Luke Snellin, John Hardwick, Kate Hewitt.
Based in the 1970s, a detective works to bring down the drug empire of Frank Lucas, a heroin kingpin from Manhattan, who is smuggling the drug into the country from the Far East. 10,705 …. How do you get youtube tv
Recommendations. The Best Gangster Movies and TV Shows. 12 minute read. Source photos: Alamy (3); Netflix. By Ben Rosenstock. Updated: March 15, 2024 2:36 PM …Streaming, rent, or buy American Gangster – Season 2: We try to add new providers constantly but we couldn't find an offer for "American Gangster - Season 2" online. Please come back again soon to check if there's something new.So, I've highlighted my three favorite shows in this genre, plus six more shows featuring gangs, mafias, crime bosses and criminals so you can enjoy your own binge session. 1. Claws. # of Episodes: 40. # of Seasons: 4. Genre: Neo-Gangster Dramedy. Claws is a fresh and unique show I saw on Stan (Australia) in 2017. The …"American Gangster" chronicles the life and times of some of Black America’s most notorious crime figures. The show will explore without glorifying, and investigate without celebrating …Boardwalk Empire is easily one of the most popular post- Sopranos gangster shows. Also distributed by HBO, Boardwalk Empire is a semi-biographical drama about criminal Nucky Johnson. Renamed Nucky Thompson for the show, Johnson was a crooked businessman and crime boss who ran Atlantic City through much of the '10s, …The 40 Best TV Shows About Gangsters and The Mafia, Ranked. More Than the Italian Mafia. Getting to Know Al Capone. Who Was James 'Whitey' Bulger? Weird Stories of …Jan 12, 2023 ... [Request] (US) looking for crime movies/shows that feature black gangsters as protagonists. ... TV series Top Boy. ... American Gangster is a very ...19. Ichi the Killer. 20. Deliver Us From Evil. 21. Hidden Love. 22. In Darkness. I just like shows that have mafia, gangsters or prisoners as the leads.40 min · Oct 17, 2019 TV-14. EPISODE 5. Shauna Barry-Scott. Shauna Barry-Scott discovers a hustle that will help her give back to her community: dealing crack cocaine. Shauna's generosity gets her dubbed The Robin …Starring: Ving Rhames. Summary: The Shower Posse was born in the rough and ruthless ghettos of Kingston, Jamaica. From the '70s well into the '80s they were one of several gangs used by Jamaica's mainstream political parties as tools for extortion and intimidation. Genre (s): Drama, Documentary.Oct 17, 2007 · Melvin Williams: With Ed Burns, Clarence Mitchell, Frank Reid, Kurt L. Schmoke. Criminal genius and master of the hustle, Melvin Williams owned the gambling and heroin addicted market of Baltimore's Pennsylvania Ave for decades. Season-only. Black Inc. became code for Murder Inc. on the street of Philadelphia in 1970s. American Gangster explores the mentality, ruthless precision and deranged violence that was associated with the infamous Philly Black Mafia. 2 Larry Hoover "Gangster Disciples". 10/23/08.42 m. TV-14; BET; Nov 20, 2008; 42 m. American Gangster ... Get a list of the best movies and TV shows recently ... tv show. March TV Preview ...Sep 24, 2020 · Here are the 31 best gangster movies of all time, ranked in ascending order. Advertisement. 30. "Sugar Hill" (1993) (L-R) Michael Wright and Wesley Snipes in "Sugar Hill." Fox. Set in the section ... American Gangster: Trap Queens is an American docuseries that premiered on BET+ on October 17, 2019.. On January 8, 2021, the series was renewed for a second season which premiered on January 14, 2021. On March 31, 2022, the series was renewed for a third season which premiered on April 7, 2022.41min. TV-14. At the helm of the Gangster Disciples, Larry "King" Hoover reigned as the notorious 1970s gang leader. Incarcerated for over thirty years, King Hoover advocates insist he is a friend to the people, not a violent criminal. This video is currently unavailable. S2 E3 - Melvin Williams.Oct 27, 2017 ... “It's Harlem, the 1960s, a gangster named Bumpy Johnson was very close friends with Malcolm X, so the show is about the collision of the ...1x10 Jemeker Thompson. January 9, 2020 3:00 AM — 41m. 114 152 523 2. Track star Jemeker Thompson follows her husband into a life of crime, becoming an L.A. cocaine Queenpin living among the Hollywood stars. Ads suck, but they help pay the bills. Hide ads with VIP. Ads suck, but they help pay the bills.The Tearsmith. Adopted together after a tough childhood in an orphanage, Nica and Rigel realize that unexpected but irresistible feelings pull them together. Together: Treble Winners. This …Discover the Best New Gangster TV Shows of all time on Netflix with our comprehensive list. From classic favorites to new releases. Watch the Best New Gangster TV Shows in 2023 on Netflix, add them to your watchlist now.The three Ls of the Gangster Disciples is a credo that stands for “love, life and loyalty.” This code originated in Chicago in the 1980s. The three Ls are associated with two commo....