Get answers about the Babbel app, website, your account, our courses, and more. Getting Started Welcome to Babbel! Here’s how to start your learning journey. Tips & Tricks Discover how to learn a language effectively and meet your goals. ...03-Jul-2016 ... HOW TO LEARN A LANGUAGE - 3 Months Learning Spanish with Babbel ...“Learning Spanish with Babbel: Oral Proficiency Outcome in App-Based Foreign Language Learning”. What’s New. 14 Mar 2024. Version 21.45.0. Fewer bugs, more learning content – if this sounds good to you, then you'll love this new release of the Babbel app. Try the latest version right away and let us know what you think! Questions? Email us at support …Study Spanish language for free (photo by José A. used under terms of Creative Commons license.) Our free Spanish lessons are an online adaptation of the Defense Language Institute, Foreign Language Center's Spanish Headstart for Spain program.. This Free online Spanish language program includes 4 themes, …Compare different ways to learn Spanish for free and discover why Babbel offers the best quality and value for your money. Find out how Babbel can help you achieve your …Using Baselang would probably be the quickest way to become a fluent Spanish speaker. For $149/mo, you can get unlimited classes and choose from over 450 Latin American teachers. It’s extremely convenient to schedule classes as you can do so at the absolute last minute. In addition, they have a very well-structured …Babbel vs Pimsleur vs Rosetta Stone: Cost Comparison. A subscription to Pimsleur costs $19.95 per month if you want to study one language and $20.95 per month to access all the languages available on the app. You can also buy lifetime access to each language course. One level costs $150, two levels cost $300, and five levels cost $575.Spanish; Pimsleur vs Babbel: Grammar . Pimsleur doesn’t have separate grammar lessons. Rather, it stresses introducing grammar and vocabulary through context. You won’t have to memorize words, read conjugation charts, or learn specific grammar rules. The program is audio-based and aims to teach …Babbel vs Rosetta Stone vs Duolingo: Cost Comparison. IA Babbel subscription for one language starts at $7.99 per month, but there are also longer subscriptions that can save you some money.You can get 3 months for $35.99 ($11.99 per month), 6 months for $47.94 ($7.99 per month), or a year for $95.88 …How to choose a lesson on a desktop: Go to www.babbel.com. Log into your account. Click on Explore at the top of the screen and then Courses by level / Courses by theme. Choose a course type (for example, Newcomer) Choose a course (for example, Newcomer I – Course 1) Click the orange Start button to start the first lesson of the course.Babbel MOD APK 21.21.0, Free . Millions of people learn languages with Babbel — the app built by language learning experts. Our short, interactive lessons rethink old-school language education to get you speaking a new language with confidence.LEARN SPANISH OR 13 OTHER LANGUAGES IN 15 … Palabras Bravas. Join Babbel experts Paula and David in this monolingual podcast full of real conversations, useful new vocabulary and simple grammar explanations. LIVE NOW: Season two, in which our hosts are joined each episode by a Spanish-learner to help solve tricky language topics. Read more in Babbel Magazine. Here’s the full step-by-process to access Babbel on your computer: Go to www.babbel.com. Click on Log in at the top-right corner of the page. Log in using Facebook, Google or your email address and password. If you want to log in with your email address, just type it in in the fields provided. Start learning! 22-Dec-2021 ... ... un rato, el que viene... Butterfly Spanish•311K views · 12:18. Go to channel · Babbel Spanish Review (Best App To Learn Spanish?) Test Prep ....The Babbel Spanish course is built around quiz styled lessons. Users are shown new material (grammar, vocabulary, etc), and then they are asked questions throughout the lesson to reinforce the new information. Babbel works well as an introduction to a foreign language. Courses range from beginner level to intermediate, but less …02-Nov-2018 ... Skills YOU NEED to Master Spanish - How To Spanish Podcast - Ep270. How to Spanish Lessons & Podcast•31K views · 11:25 · Go to channel ...BABEL has completed the acquisition of the professional services unit in Spain of the German multinational Software AG. The purchase forms a part of the Spanish consultancy's expansion plans, doubling its size through this transaction. The two companies have reached agreements to increase the presence of the German …Even when sharing the same language, Mexican Spanish and European Spanish have many little differences between them that beginners and more advanced learners should know about. Commit the following little differences to memory, and then when you’re done, check out Babbel’s Mexican Spanish …BABEL has completed the acquisition of the professional services unit in Spain of the German multinational Software AG. The purchase forms a part of the Spanish consultancy's expansion plans, doubling its size through this transaction. The two companies have reached agreements to increase the presence of the German …Yes, Babbel does offer a free trial. That is what I was alluding to above. You can register with Babbel for free, and when you do so, you automatically get access to one free lesson per language course. Given that Babbel offers around 14 different courses, that means you can in theory get free access to 14 Babbel …Marie Selby Botanical Gardens Historic Spanish Point campus is dedicated to Florida's early history and native plants. Share Last Updated on April 27, 2023 The “hidden gem” in Ospr... 6 best tips to learn French quickly and effectively. To effectively learn a new language, integrate it into your daily routine (instead of relying on marathon study sessions). Dedicate a small portion of time each day to practicing French; even just 15 minutes contributes significantly to rapid progress. Incorporate a French podcast into your ... Babbel MOD APK 21.21.0, Free . Millions of people learn languages with Babbel — the app built by language learning experts. Our short, interactive lessons rethink old-school language education to get you speaking a new language with confidence.LEARN SPANISH OR 13 OTHER LANGUAGES IN 15 …Babbel offers award-winning courses, games, and podcasts to help you speak Spanish in real conversations. You can also join live online classes with expert teachers and access …03-Jul-2016 ... HOW TO LEARN A LANGUAGE - 3 Months Learning Spanish with Babbel ...01-Feb-2023 ... I'm tempted to switch from Duo to Babbel now. Learning Spanish for an upcoming trip to see family who recently moved to Spain!Babbel Live gives you: Maximized speaking practice, in small groups. Certified teachers, with focused, engaging classes. Learning anytime, with a wide availability of classes. The full picture of a language, including pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and cultural context. Free access to the Babbel App for additional practice on your own.Babbe Spanish, babbel spanish course offers an instruction for complete beginners to advanced learners. For Spanish learners to complete the Babbel spanish program and course’s full training it can take six weeks if you spend 30 to 60 minutes each. But only the use of Babbel’s babbel spanish program …The Babbel Spanish course is built around quiz styled lessons. Users are shown new material (grammar, vocabulary, etc), and then they are asked questions throughout the lesson to reinforce the new information. Babbel works well as an introduction to a foreign language. Courses range from beginner level to intermediate, but less …The best way to learn Spanish is by speaking the language. Students can practice by speaking to others or can start out by speaking to themselves. A great tool is finding a native ...Babbel Kosten für den normalen Zugang (Stand: Januar 2024) Wir verfolgen die Babbel Kosten nun schon sehr lange, und die Preise so wie die verfügbaren Pakete ändern sich stets. Die oben abgebildeten 3-, 6- und 12-Monatsabos (für eine Sprache) sind aktuell verfügbar, genauso ein Lifetime-Zugang. ⓘ.Babbel is the best language-learning app. Our language learning experts build every course tailored to your native language. So whether you want to learn Spanish, learn Italian or learn French — or even German, Portuguese, Russian, Polish, Turkish, Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, Dutch, Indonesian or English — you’ll learn quickly and ...Are you interested in learning Spanish but don’t have the time or resources to attend traditional language classes? Fortunately, with the advancement of technology, it is now possi...Our final Spanish podcast recommendation is another show produced by Babbel — Un día en español. Each episode is a short story (usually about 7 to 15 minutes) following a native Spanish speaker on a single day, with the narration using a mix of both English and Spanish.LEARN 14 LANGUAGES: Spanish, French, Italian, German, Portuguese, Russian, Polish, Turkish, Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, Dutch, Indonesian, and English. …Rosetta Stone vs Babbel: Final Thoughts. Babbel and Rosetta Stone both offer learning opportunities, the real question is whether those opportunities are worth what they charge for them. Rosetta Stone offers a full immersion experience that could benefit some, but could just as easily confuse … UNLIMITED CLASSES. $594 $359. Save 50%. BEST VALUE! 12 months. $50 /mo. Get started. UNLIMITED CLASSES. $1,188 $599. Learning through conversation — No random words and phrases. Babbel teaches you language skills for real life scenarios. Each lesson features a dialogue to help you apply what you’ve learned. Comprehensive language courses — Babbel exercises help you strengthen all four elements of language learning: reading, writing, listening and speaking. At Babbel, our experts made a conscious decision to tailor courses to people who speak your native language. (An English speaker learning French, for example, will need a different approach than a Spanish speaker learning French.) Before joining Babbel, our experts were linguists, teachers, instructional designers, editors, and researchers. With Babbel, you get to learn your chosen language in a way that is customised to your needs, your desire to learn and your current ability level. Try your first Spanish lesson …We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.22-Mar-2023 ... ... Babbel vs Rocket Languages. This includes a comparison of Rocket Spanish vs Babbel, Rocket German vs Babbel, and Rocket French vs Babbel ...Carmela’s first day teaching Spanish at a Pennsylvania college; The day Melina met her sister for the first time; There will also be a Babbel Magazine article accompanying each episode, highlighting key Spanish vocabulary and providing a dynamic transcript and a full Spanish version of the story to test your … Stick to a learning routine at the same time each day, like doing a lesson after breakfast or before bedtime. (The Babbel app has reminders you can set to a certain time of day.) Learn more effectively by doing a little at a time instead of cramming a lot of lessons in at once. We recommend studying 10-15 minutes a day (the length of a typical ... My last experience with Babbel showed me their customer attentive side. I bought a wrong product through Babbel web site, and I was assisted by a client service officer for cancellation and reimbursement. So, now I know Babbel is the source I can trust for language learning at my convenience, literally. Date of experience: February … Babbel Live gives you: Maximized speaking practice, in small groups. Certified teachers, with focused, engaging classes. Learning anytime, with a wide availability of classes. The full picture of a language, including pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and cultural context. Free access to the Babbel App for additional practice on your own. Stick to a learning routine at the same time each day, like doing a lesson after breakfast or before bedtime. (The Babbel app has reminders you can set to a certain time of day.) Learn more effectively by doing a little at a time instead of cramming a lot of lessons in at once. We recommend studying 10-15 minutes a day (the length of a typical ... The Spanish towns of Canet d’en Berenguer and Sanxenxo will require beachgoers to reserve a spot on the beach in advance to accommodate social distancing requirements. The summer o...Andrew Stoyanoff ist ein Autor und Lektor, der in Berlin lebt und ursprünglich aus Südkalifornien ist. Er nennt Sprache, Reisen und Kultur als seine Gründe, um morgens aus dem Bett zu kommen. Laut einer Studie ist Babbel die effektivste Sprachlern-App. Um das selbst noch einmal zu testen, haben wir 3 …Stick to a learning routine at the same time each day, like doing a lesson after breakfast or before bedtime. (The Babbel app has reminders you can set to a certain time of day.) Learn more effectively by doing a little at a time instead of cramming a lot of lessons in at once. We recommend studying 10-15 minutes a day (the length …With Babbel, you get to learn your chosen language in a way that is customised to your needs, your desire to learn and your current ability level. Try your first Spanish lesson …UNLIMITED CLASSES. $594 $359. Save 50%. BEST VALUE! 12 months. $50 /mo. Get started. UNLIMITED CLASSES. $1,188 $599.Babbel is constantly reviewed and updated by a team of more than 150 language experts who work to ensure that each course remains effective and accurate.. All of its audio learning content is produced by native speakers to guarantee that students have contact with the real language. It uses a blended approach to learning.The Babbel Spanish course is built around quiz styled lessons. Users are shown new material (grammar, vocabulary, etc), and then they are asked questions throughout the lesson to reinforce the new information. Babbel works well as an introduction to a foreign language. Courses range from beginner level to intermediate, but less …1-16 of 305 results for "babble spanish" Results. Babbel Language Learning Software - Learn to Speak Spanish, French, English, & More - 14 Languages to Choose from - Compatible with iOS, Android, Mac & PC (12 Month Subscription) by Babbel. 3.9 out of 5 stars 127. Activation Code by Email. $89.40 $ 89. 40. List: $179.40 $179.40. Available now.48 episodes. In this language-learning podcast for Spanish beginners, each episode takes you inside a memorable day in the life of a Spanish speaker in the U.S. or Latin America. Brought to you by the language experts at Babbel, the show features stories told in basic Spanish with helpful guidance and … Learning through conversation — No random words and phrases. Babbel teaches you language skills for real life scenarios. Each lesson features a dialogue to help you apply what you’ve learned. Comprehensive language courses — Babbel exercises help you strengthen all four elements of language learning: reading, writing, listening and speaking. The primary differences between Babbel and Pimsleur boil down to lesson length and format. Pimsleur’s lessons are longer and emphasize more audio exercises, whereas Babbel’s lessons are shorter and rely more on quick-hit drills. Our in-depth comparison of the language learning programs from Pimsleur and …May 12, 2022 · 48 episodes. In this language-learning podcast for Spanish beginners, each episode takes you inside a memorable day in the life of a Spanish speaker in the U.S. or Latin America. Brought to you by the language experts at Babbel, the show features stories told in basic Spanish with helpful guidance and learning tips in English along the way ... Babbel Live’s online Spanish classes focus on real life topics and allow you to personalize your learning experiences by choosing your level and your favorite topics among hundreds of available options. On top of that, every Babbel Live subscription comes with free access to the Babbel App, so you can continue boosting your Spanish skills ... Babbel Kosten für den normalen Zugang (Stand: Januar 2024) Wir verfolgen die Babbel Kosten nun schon sehr lange, und die Preise so wie die verfügbaren Pakete ändern sich stets. Die oben abgebildeten 3-, 6- und 12-Monatsabos (für eine Sprache) sind aktuell verfügbar, genauso ein Lifetime-Zugang. ⓘ.Babbel doesn’t claim to turn you into a near native speaker in a new language. Babbel is best used as an introduction to a language, or as an additional practice tool alongside other resources. If you’re learning 1 of 14 languages. Babbel is available in 14 languages. Some of the most popular are Spanish, French, German, and Italian. Learning through conversation — No random words and phrases. Babbel teaches you language skills for real life scenarios. Each lesson features a dialogue to help you apply what you’ve learned. Comprehensive language courses — Babbel exercises help you strengthen all four elements of language learning: reading, writing, listening and speaking. UNLIMITED CLASSES. $594 $359. Save 50%. BEST VALUE! 12 months. $50 /mo. Get started. UNLIMITED CLASSES. $1,188 $599.Example: ¡Hemos trabajado toda la semana! (We have worked the week!) Note: Unlike most of the other most common Spanish verbs, haber is exclusively an auxiliary verb. It is used in combination with a participle to create the pretérito perfecto tense: Esta semana he ido al cine. (“This week I went to the movie theater.”) On its own, …The Babbel Spanish course is built around quiz styled lessons. Users are shown new material (grammar, vocabulary, etc), and then they are asked questions throughout the lesson to reinforce the new information. Babbel works well as an introduction to a foreign language. Courses range from beginner level to intermediate, but less …Babbel offers a well-structured Spanish Language Levels program based on the CEFR, from A1 to C1. You can also join Babbel Live classes to practice your Spanish with …Spanisch Deutsch Sie sollten keine Probleme haben, Babbel zu verwenden, selbst wenn Sie ein Anfänger sind. Nach der Registrierung für ein Konto bietet die Plattform Vorschläge zur Sprachauswahl, ermittelt das Niveau und gibt weitere hilfreiche Tipps. Das beeindruckendste Merkmal des Babbel-Unterrichts …May 10, 2022 · This included practicing basic vocabulary including things like greetings, numbers, and time-telling, but also quickly included essential verbs, phrases, and complete sentences. Babbel breaks up its lessons into 10-15 minute lessons with a set of activities. Each lesson introduces new words, phrases, and sentences, a few at a time. Plus costs $12.99 per month or $83.88 if you buy an annual subscription. Babbel has some free features, but these are limited; you can only complete a few lessons. Babbel is a little more expensive than Duolingo if you pay monthly, costing $13.95. The annual Babbel subscription costs $83.40.Are you interested in learning Spanish but don’t have the time or resources to attend traditional language classes? Fortunately, with the advancement of technology, it is now possi...Babbel stands as one of the most sought-after apps for a newcomer course. You can learn plenty of grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation at an affordable price. Use plenty of features like voice recognition technology, Babbel live classes, grammar lessons, and much more. Babbel Spanish is definitely worth a try.6 best tips to learn French quickly and effectively. To effectively learn a new language, integrate it into your daily routine (instead of relying on marathon study sessions). Dedicate a small portion of time each day to practicing French; even just 15 minutes contributes significantly to rapid progress. Incorporate a French podcast into your ...Babbel.com - Prices. You’re just a click away from learning a new language. Choose your subscription and get started. Save 25% Access to ALL Languages. 6 months. $13.45 …Sun, 17 Mar 2024. AOL. Spain remembers the 3/11 terrorist attack and lessons learned. Spain marked the 20th anniversary of the terrorist Madrid train bombings of March 11, 2004, that killed 191 people as experts say there are lessons learned on the importance of fighting Al Qaeda. Mon, 11 Mar 2024.Babbel for Business’s digital language courses are specifically designed for companies’ complex requirements. Whether you’re looking to teach corporate English or Spanish for business professionals, employees will learn practical, job-related vocabulary that they can use in the workplace with multilingual teams.With …Spanisch Deutsch Sie sollten keine Probleme haben, Babbel zu verwenden, selbst wenn Sie ein Anfänger sind. Nach der Registrierung für ein Konto bietet die Plattform Vorschläge zur Sprachauswahl, ermittelt das Niveau und gibt weitere hilfreiche Tipps. Das beeindruckendste Merkmal des Babbel-Unterrichts …BabelFish, the easily downloadable translation service, offers a free online translation English to Spanish option. Unlike other online translation products, BabelFish goes beyond the simple translating of blocks of text from English to Spanish. BabelFish free translation English to Spanish service provides a product that can translate entire ...Babbel's Spanish Crash Course: Your Vacation Survival Guide. 191K subscribers. Subscribed. 62K views 5 years ago. Everything you need to know to have …The Babbel Spanish course is comprehensive and consists of lessons ranging in difficulty from complete newcomer to advanced. You can choose between Mexican Spanish and Castellano (Spanish from Spain). In addition to the core course, Babbel also offers additional refresher courses, grammar lessons, …Babbel is a language-learning app that teaches 14 languages. Released in 2008, Babbel was the first-ever language-learning app, and they claim that “the Babbel Method” is the shortest path to real-life conversations “in as little as three weeks.”. You get 30 to 80 free lessons, depending on the language you select.Diversity is our strength. Berlin to New York, we’re over 750 friendly Babbelonians from over 65 nations. This is more than a fact - it’s our strength. Through weekly diversity discussions ‘Stranger Talks’, Community of Practice groups like the Femgineers, and regular social events, we encourage all to bring, share and …Study Spanish language for free (photo by José A. used under terms of Creative Commons license.) Our free Spanish lessons are an online adaptation of the Defense Language Institute, Foreign Language Center's Spanish Headstart for Spain program.. This Free online Spanish language program includes 4 themes, …The Babbel Spanish course is comprehensive and consists of lessons ranging in difficulty from complete newcomer to advanced. You can choose between Mexican Spanish and Castellano (Spanish from Spain). In addition to the core course, Babbel also offers additional refresher courses, grammar lessons, …CHECK OUT SPANISH COURSES ↓↓ Babbel: https://bit.ly/3SHCBF6 (🔥 Sale: 60% OFF / Deal Ends Soon) ABOUT THIS VIDEO Babbel Spanish Review (Pros & Cons Ex... Our short, interactive lessons rethink old-school language education to get you speaking a new language with confidence! Our language experts build every language course tailored to your native language. This way you learn Spanish and 13 more languages quickly and effectively. It's not just a Spanish learning app!
Babbel exceeds expectations, delivering high-quality, self-paced courses. Exceptionally good site. Recommended by learners like you. Getting to know Spanish vocabulary is …. Marion state
Babbel’s Spanish grammar exercises are designed to strengthen your skills in the four areas of language learning — reading, writing, speaking and listening — and make sure the content you’re learning is committed to your long-term memory. Helpful tips along the way help you reinforce what you’re learning by making connections in new ways.Babbel Live gives you: Maximized speaking practice, in small groups. Certified teachers, with focused, engaging classes. Learning anytime, with a wide availability of classes. The full picture of a language, including pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and cultural context. Free access to the Babbel App for additional practice on your own.Mar 5, 2024 · Babbel is a popular language learning app that’s recently gone through a rebranding process to better serve learners. I wanted to see for myself the unique workings that apparently make the program stand out from the dense crowd of language learning apps. Babbel strives to teach “language for life” with thorough but easily accessible lessons. Introduction to the Spanish language. With 437 million speakers, Spanish is the second most spoken language after Chinese. Spanish is a wonderful language to learn for leisure, travel, recreation, employment and friendship. It also is an easy language to grasp if you are an English speaker, as it is a Romance language comparable to Latin ...Compare different ways to learn Spanish for free and discover why Babbel offers the best quality and value for your money. Find out how Babbel can help you achieve your …Spanish; Pimsleur vs Babbel: Grammar . Pimsleur doesn’t have separate grammar lessons. Rather, it stresses introducing grammar and vocabulary through context. You won’t have to memorize words, read conjugation charts, or learn specific grammar rules. The program is audio-based and aims to teach …At Babbel, our experts made a conscious decision to tailor courses to people who speak your native language. (An English speaker learning French, for example, will need a different approach than a Spanish speaker learning French.) Before joining Babbel, our experts were linguists, teachers, instructional designers, editors, and …In each of these Babbel Spanish Lessons, we give you a short text designed for beginner (A2) learners. In addition to that, we include audio features — both the full text and the key vocab read by a native speaker — and a vocabulary list with translations. Happy reading! Babbel Spanish Lessons. Bebidas En España A look at some of the most …Plus costs $12.99 per month or $83.88 if you buy an annual subscription. Babbel has some free features, but these are limited; you can only complete a few lessons. Babbel is a little more expensive than Duolingo if you pay monthly, costing $13.95. The annual Babbel subscription costs $83.40.When you subscribe to Babbel, you get full access to all of our self-study courses in the language (s) you have selected. This includes progressive lessons from Newcomer level upwards, and also supplementary lessons on a wide range of topics including culture, useful vacation phrases, grammar, and more. You also get …It was founded in 2007, when smartphones were only just beginning to enter the mainstream. Babbel hasn’t quite reached the same level of internet royalty as Duolingo, but it is a …Die Anfängerkurse für Spanisch bei Babbel werden dafür sorgen, dass du diese Phrasen im Nullkommanichts drauf hast. In diesen Kursen lernst du auch, wie du dich vorstellst, einfache Fragen stellst, ein Hotelzimmer buchst oder Essen in einem Café oder Restaurant bestellst. Es gibt auch einige Lektionen, die …Jan 12, 2023 · Even when sharing the same language, Mexican Spanish and European Spanish have many little differences between them that beginners and more advanced learners should know about. Commit the following little differences to memory, and then when you’re done, check out Babbel’s Mexican Spanish courses. Méjico Learning through conversation — No random words and phrases. Babbel teaches you language skills for real life scenarios. Each lesson features a dialogue to help you apply what you’ve learned. Comprehensive language courses — Babbel exercises help you strengthen all four elements of language learning: reading, writing, listening and speaking.The Babbel Spanish course is comprehensive and consists of lessons ranging in difficulty from complete newcomer to advanced. You can choose between Mexican Spanish and Castellano (Spanish from Spain). In addition to the core course, Babbel also offers additional refresher courses, grammar lessons, …48 episodes. In this language-learning podcast for Spanish beginners, each episode takes you inside a memorable day in the life of a Spanish speaker in the U.S. or Latin America. Brought to you by the language experts at Babbel, the show features stories told in basic Spanish with helpful guidance and …In today’s digital age, online platforms have become an integral part of our daily lives. Whether it’s for social media, entertainment, or work purposes, having a reliable and conv...Andrew Stoyanoff ist ein Autor und Lektor, der in Berlin lebt und ursprünglich aus Südkalifornien ist. Er nennt Sprache, Reisen und Kultur als seine Gründe, um morgens aus dem Bett zu kommen. Laut einer Studie ist Babbel die effektivste Sprachlern-App. Um das selbst noch einmal zu testen, haben wir 3 …Yes and with BabelFish you can do so effortlessly. With the many different types of translation tools on the web BabelFish offers not only Spanish to English but 75 other different languages. However, translating on a website can also get frustrating because the translation can be […] Posted by Jenn on June 21, 2010 10 Comments..